गांधी भारत ही नहीं, विश्व इतिहास का वह किरदार हैं, जिनपर तमाम लेखकों ने अपनी कलम चलाई है. गांधी को सूक्ष्मता से निरखने-परखने का प्रयास किया जाता रहा है. गांधी जयंती के महीने में मुंबई के मीडिया समूह ‘इंडिया ग्राउंड रिपोर्ट’ ने गांधी को समर्पित एक विशेषांक प्रकाशित किया है, जिसमें 20 लेखकों की मदद से गांधी को तलाशने की कोशिश की गई है.
पुस्तक: अपने-अपने गांधी
प्रकाशक: इंडिया ग्राउंड रिपोर्ट (आईजीआर)
मूल्य: 125
गांधी को उनकी सरलता के लिए जाना जाता था. जहां मशहूर हस्तियां अपनी जीवनी लिखने से बचती हैं, या लिखती भी हैं तो उनमें ऐसे दावे-प्रतिदावे होते हैं, जो सहजता से लोगों के गले नहीं उतरते. पर गांधी ने न केवल अपनी आत्मकथा लिखी थी, बल्कि ‘सत्य के साथ प्रयोग’ नामक उनकी जीवनी में उन्होंने अपने जीवन की ऐसी-ऐसी बातें बताई हैं, जिनके बारे में हम आप बताना शायद ही गवारा समझें. हमें ऐसा लग सकता है कि जब गांधी की ज़िंदगी एक खुली किताब ही थी तो उनके बारे में लिखने और बोलने की ज़रूरत क्या है? पर बापू (जैसा कि गांधी को प्यार से कहा जाता था) की यही सरलता ही उन्हें रहस्यवादी बनाती थी. लोग सोचते थे आख़िर जो गांधी हमें दिख रहा है, क्या पूरा का पूरा गांधी यही है? गांधी के दौर से लेकर अब तक हर कोई गांधी को अपने-अपने नज़रिए से देखने की कोशिश करता रहा है. इंडिया ग्राउंड रिपोर्ट की यह पेशकश भी कुछ ऐसी ही है, जिसमें कविता, लेख और इतिहास के पन्नों के माध्यम से गांधी को तलाशने की कोशिश की गई है. आज के दौर में गांधी होते तो क्या करते? जैसे काल्पनिक, पर बेहद ज़रूरी तरीक़े से गांधी और गांधीवाद की समीक्षा की गई है. गांधी के समकालीन हस्तियों से उनके कैसे संबंध रहे, अपने-अपने गांधी से गुज़रते हुए आप समझ पाएंगे. फिर वो हस्ती चाहे गांधी के आलोचक रहे महर्षि अरबिंदो रहे हों, उन्हें महात्मा की उपाधि देनेवाले रबिंद्रनाथ टैगोर या लोकमान्य तिलक.
सुभाष चंद्र बोस और पंडित जवाहरलाल नेहरू के साथ गांधी के रिश्ते के बारे में काफ़ी कुछ सुनने मिलता रहा है. ‘गांधी, सुभाष और नेहरू की त्रयी और रिश्ते’ नामक लेख में इन तीनों के रिश्ते को ऐतिहासिक दस्तावेजों की रोशनी में परखने की कोशिश की गई है. बाबा साहेब आंबेडकर से गांधी की कभी नहीं पटी. उनके बीच बड़े वैचारिक मतभेद रहे. आंबेडकर ने गांधी के ख़िलाफ़ काफ़ी कुछ बोला, लिखा भी, पर दोनों इस मतभेद के बावजूद एक-दूसरे का सम्मान करते थे. ‘मतभेदों के बावजूद एक-दूसरे से घृणा नहीं करते थे आंबेडकर-गांधी’ नामक लेख उन सभी को पढ़ना चाहिए, जो गांधी और आंबेडकर को एक-दूसरे के ख़िलाफ़ खड़ा करने के नैरेटिव के चलते दोनों में से किसी एक को कमतर या देश की समस्याओं की जड़ की तरह देखने लगते हैं.
गांधी जयंती यानी 2 अक्टूबर के दिन ही भारत के पूर्व प्रधानमंत्री लालबहादुर शास्त्री का भी जन्मदिन होता है. भले ही लेखों के इस संग्रह का नाम ‘अपने-अपने गांधी’ हो, पर जय जवान, जय किसान का नारा बुलंद करनेवाले छोटे क़द के बड़े प्रधानमंत्री के तौर पर जाने जानेवाले लालबहादुर शास्त्री को भी याद किया गया है.
देश के विभिन्न लेखकों, पत्रकारों और बुद्धिजीवियों द्वारा लिखे इन लेखों में आपको गांधी के तमाम रूपों से परिचित होने का मौक़ा मिलेगा. सबके अपने-अपने गांधी हैं. उन्हें देखने का सबका अपना नज़रिया है. आपको भी गांधी को अलग चश्मों से देखने-जानने के इस अवसर का लाभ लेना चाहिए. इस संग्रह के कुछ लेख बेहद शोधपरक हैं तो कुछ भावनात्मक रूप से गांधी को याद करने के प्रयास के तौर पर देखे जा सकते हैं.
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